Bentham Science Publishers

Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery brings the reader the most up-to-date information on the endoscopy of the spine. Key opinion leaders from around the world have come together to present the clinical evidence behind their competitive endoscopic spinal surgery protocols. Chapters in the series cover a range of aspects of spine surgery including spinal pain generators, preoperative workup with modern independent predictors of favorable clinical outcomes with endoscopy, anesthesia in an outpatient setting, management of complications, and a fresh look at technology advances in a historical context. The reader will have a first-row seat during the illustrative discussions of expanded surgical indications from herniated disc to more complex clinical problems, including stenosis, instability, and deformity in patients with advanced degenerative disease of the human spine. Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery is divided into three volumes: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, and Advanced Technologies to capture an accurate snapshot in time of this fast-moving field. It is intended as a comprehensive go-to reference text for surgeons in graduate residency and postgraduate fellowship training programs and for practicing spine surgeons interested in looking for the scientific foundation for their practice expansion into endoscopic surgery.

This volume (Cervical Spine) covers the following topics

Cervical Endoscopy: Historical Perspectives, Present & Future Anesthesia For Minimally Invasive Surgery Of The Cervical

Algorithms To Choose Between Anterior And Posterior Cervical Endoscopy

Contemporary Clinical Decision Making In Full Endoscopic Cervical Spine Surgery

Indications And Outcomes With Endoscopic Posterior Cervical Rhizotomy

Anterior Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy

Anterior Transcorporeal Approach Of Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy

Anterior Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy And Foraminoplasty For Herniated Disc And Lateral Canal Stenosis

Posterior Full Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy & Foraminotomy

Endoscopic Decompression For Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

The competence of deep learning for the automation and manufacturing sector has received astonishing attention in recent times. The manufacturing industry has recently experienced a revolutionary advancement despite several issues. One of the limitations for technical progress is the bottleneck encountered due to the enormous increase in data volume for processing, comprising various formats, semantics, qualities and features. Deep learning enables detection of meaningful features that are difficult to perform using traditional methods.

The book takes the reader on a technological voyage of the industry 4.0 space. Chapters highlight recent applications of deep learning and the associated challenges and opportunities it presents for automating industrial processes and smart applications.

Chapters introduce the reader to a broad range of topics in deep learning and machine learning. Several deep learning techniques used by industrial professionals are covered, including deep feedforward networks, regularization, optimization algorithms, convolutional networks, sequence modeling, and practical project methodology. Readers will find information on the value of deep learning in applications such as natural language processing, speech recognition, computer vision, online recommendation systems, bioinformatics, and videogames.

The book also discusses prospective research directions that focus on the theory and practical applications of deep learning in industrial automation. Therefore, the book aims to serve as a comprehensive reference guide for industrial consultants interested in industry 4.0, and as a handbook for beginners in data science and advanced computer science courses.

Frontiers in Occupational Health and Safety: Changes in the world of work and impacts on Occupational Health and Safety, highlights the various economic, political and cultural consequences which have altered the working environment of the world. The book describes the contradictions dealt with the workers and the emergence of new risks in the workplace.

The contents of this book include titles on work organization and occupational health in contemporary capitalism, critical reflections on nanotechnology and risks into the worker`s universe and occupational health and safety knowledge and practice.

This book is a valuable resource for MSc and PhD students, academic personnel and researchers seeking updated and critically important information on occupational health and safety and also gives a detailed view of the complex and broad world of the work universe to the readers.

Changing Humanities and Smart Application of Digital Technologies is a collection of research articles relevant to digital humanities (the use of technology to advance our understanding of the humanities). A key aim of this volume is to demonstrate the potential of using computer technology to creating new humanistic knowledge-based systems through innovative applications. Readers will learn about applications in digital humanities through 11 chapters which explore a variety of computer applications in education and social research. Topics covered in the volume range from the role of internet in understanding, to the more technical domains of GIS and mobile device applications in studying religion, literature, geography, history and games. This volume is a useful reference for scholars and graduate students involved in humanities and social science research, as it provides readers with creative insights into digital technology applications to build on their research goals.

Genome science or genomics is essential to advancing knowledge in the fields of biology and medicine. Specifically, researchers learn about the molecular biology behind genetic expression in living organisms and related methods of treating human genetic diseases (including gene therapy). Advances in Genome Science is an e-book series which provides a multi-disciplinary view of some of the latest developments in genome research, allowing readers to capture the essentiality and diversity of genomics in contemporary science.

Chemical Modification of Solid Surfaces by the Use of Additives brings ten comprehensive chapters covering different types of solid surface modifications by using surfactants or other chemicals. Each chapter explains different types of chemical surface modifications that are important for a large variety of applications. The uses of each type of modification is summarized to give the reader an overview of recent developments in this field of materials science.

The book also highlights the importance of surface modification for the biomedical application of polysaccharides, sensing application of carbon electrode, metal coating substrate surfaces, microelectronic, microwave applications of perovskite material and the role of nanotechnology. This book is a useful reference for chemical engineering and civil engineering students who wish to understand the surface chemistry of additive materials. Scholars undertaking courses in nanotechnology and environmental science will also benefit from the information presented by the book.

Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications covers the synthetic pathways for all types of bipyrazoles. 5 chapters cover bipyrazole systems, N,N- and N,C-bipyrazoles, namely 1,1`-bipyrazole, 1,3`-bipyrazole, 1,4`-bipyrazole, 3,3`-bipyrazoles, 3,4`-bipyrazoles and 4,4`-bipyrazoles

The contents explain several types of reactions: 1) condensation reactions of hydrazines with tetracarbonyls, dihydroxydicarbonyl compounds or pyrazole-based difunctional compounds; 2) 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of pyrazole-based hydrazonoyl halides with activated methylene compounds; 3) metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.

The book concludes with a chapter that details the applications of bipyrazole derivatives in different industries. Information about advanced concepts used in chemical engineering such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and corrosion inhibition are highlighted.

The book contents are presented in an easy-to-understand manner suitable for readers in organic chemistry at senior levels of education and industry expertise. Each chapter is supplemented with detailed references.

Low-income populations in developing regions of Africa, Asia and the Americas have been particularly injured by a group of tropical infections denominated neglected diseases. Compared to important illnesses, neglected diseases do not enjoy significant research funding and are not considerably important targets for the “Big Pharma” ventures in terms of development of new drugs, though these infections can make widespread diseases like AIDS more deadly. Despite affecting millions of people around the world, causing many deaths and having a significant limiting influence on the quality of life of affected people, the selection of new molecular targets and the development of more efficient drugs against those diseases is scarce. Furthermore, little detailed computational work on this subject has appeared. It should be kept in mind, however, that computers are an essential tool in modern medicinal chemistry. Currently, these powerful computational tools allow one to obtain insights on the interaction between enzyme-substrate, reaction mechanisms, statistical behavior of molecules and much more, at the molecular level, contributing significantly to solve problems in biological systems. Chemoinformatics: Directions Toward Combating Neglected Diseases explores an open problem in academic literature with a stimulating discussion on the state of the art knowledge in this important research field with respect to neglected diseases, pointing out perspectives on using molecular modeling and theoretical approaches. This eBook is a handy reference guide for anyone who is interested in or deals with medicinal chemistry focused on neglected diseases, from students to advanced researchers.

This volume presents 10 reviews contributed by eminent researchers around the world on chitosan based materials. The introductory chapters present information on general characteristics of chitosan and various types of materials which are based on it such as nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanocapsules and other chemically modified chitosans. This is followed by an explanation of chitosan characterization and extraction techniques. Concluding chapters describe the applications of chitosan products in water treatment, drug delivery, edible films and pervaporation membranes. Readers will therefore gain an understanding about chitosan and materials derived from this polymer and their practical applications. The volume serves as a simple reference for chemical engineering students and professionals interested in the basic and applied chemistry of chitosan and chitosan-derived products.

This textbook primarily explains the construction of classical fluid model to readers in a holistic manner and the way it is constructed. Secondly, the book also demonstrates some possible modifications of the initial model which either make the model applicable in some special cases (viscous or turbulent fluids) or simplify it in accordance with peculiarity of a particular problem (hydrostatics, two-dimensional flows, boundary layers, etc.).

The book explains theoretical concepts in two parts. The first part is dedicated to the derivation of the classical model of the perfect fluid. The second part of the book covers important modifications to the fluid model which account for calculations of momentum, force and the laws of energy conservation. Concepts in this section include the redefinition of the stress tensor in cases of viscous or turbulent flows and laminar and turbulent boundary layers.

The text is supplemented by appropriate exercises and problems which may be used in practical classes. These additions serve to teach students how to work with complex systems governed by differential equations.

Classical Fluid Mechanics is an ideal textbook for students undertaking semester courses on fluid physics and mechanics in undergraduate degree programs.

This textbook primarily explains the construction of classical fluid model to readers in a holistic manner and the way it is constructed. Secondly, the book also demonstrates some possible modifications of the initial model which either make the model applicable in some special cases (viscous or turbulent fluids) or simplify it in accordance with peculiarity of a particular problem (hydrostatics, two-dimensional flows, boundary layers, etc.).

The book explains theoretical concepts in two parts. The first part is dedicated to the derivation of the classical model of the perfect fluid. The second part of the book covers important modifications to the fluid model which account for calculations of momentum, force and the laws of energy conservation. Concepts in this section include the redefinition of the stress tensor in cases of viscous or turbulent flows and laminar and turbulent boundary layers.

The text is supplemented by appropriate exercises and problems which may be used in practical classes. These additions serve to teach students how to work with complex systems governed by differential equations.

Classical Fluid Mechanics is an ideal textbook for students undertaking semester courses on fluid physics and mechanics in undergraduate degree programs.