Bentham Science Publishers

High air pollution levels pose a significant threat to plants, animals and human beings. Efforts by researchers are directed towards keeping air pollution levels below well defined ‘critical‘ levels in order to maintain a sustainable atmosphere and environmental system. The application of advanced mathematical models is important for researchers to achieve this goal as efficiently as possible. Mathematical models can be used to predict answers to many important questions about the environment. This application comes with several complex theoretical and practical obstacles which need to be resolved. A successfully applicable mathematical model needs to enable researchers to

Mathematically describe all important physical and chemical processes.

Apply fast and sufficiently accurate numerical methods.

Ensure that the model runs efficiently on modern high speed computers.

Use high quality input data, both meteorological data and emission inventories, in the runs.

Verify the model results by comparing them with reliable measurements taken in different parts of the spatial domain of the model.

Carry out long series of sensitivity experiments to check the response of the model to changes of different key parameters.

Visualize and animate the output results in order to make them easily understandable even to non-specialists.

This monograph thoroughly describes mathematical methods useful for various situations in environmental modeling including finite difference methods, splitting methods, parallel computation, etc. and provides a framework for resolving problems posed in relation to the points listed above. Chapters are written by well-known specialists making this book a handy reference for researchers, university teachers and students working and studying in the areas of air pollution, meteorology, applied mathematics and computer science.

This 2-part reference informs readers about the application of drug delivery technologies to herbal medicines. Chapters cover a broad range of major topics on the subject of targeted drug delivery systems. These topics include the application of drug delivery systems for herbal nanomedicines, drug development issues, emerging technologies, adaptations for clinical use, market prospects and challenges of industrial commercialization. Chapters have been contributed by several experts in pharmaceutical chemistry and blend theoretical knowledge with practical aspects of drug delivery.

Part II covers the following topics:

- Pharmaceutical nanosciences and their application in the delivery of various phytoconstituents

- Design of cosmeceutical drug delivery systems: the role of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals

- Transfersomes: a novel vesicular transdermal delivery system

- Self-nano/micro emulsified drug delivery systems

- Phytosomes

- The role of nanomedicines in ocular drug delivery systems

- Colloidosomes as an efficient novel drug delivery system: an update

- Herbal nanoscience: challenges and regulatory perspectives

- Vitamins based nanomedicine approach

- Dendrimers: a versatile nanoplatform for advanced targeting and bioactive(s) delivery

- Targeted drug delivery systems for cells and cell organelles

- Liposomes for herbal drug delivery

- AI in pharmacy, herbal medicine and drug delivery: sci-fi or reality?

Advanced Physical Chemistry Practical Guide aims to improve the student's understanding of theory through practical experience and by facilitating experimental exercises. The book covers a wide range of areas from basic to advanced experiments including the calibration of instruments as well as the use of software for accurate computational quantum chemical calculations.

This book is divided into four sections:

part I - general introduction, calibration of glassware, instruments and precautions

part II - experiments that have a simple theoretical background and classical methods

part III - experiments that are associated with more advanced theory, and technique that require a greater degree of experimental skill and instrumentation

part IV - investigative experiments relying on computers

Covering all aspects of classical, advanced and computational chemistry experiments, Advanced Physical Chemistry Practical Guide will enable students to gain confidence in their ability to perform a physical chemistry experiment and to appreciate the value of an experimental approach towards the subject. Advanced Physical Chemistry Practical Guide is an essential handbook for students and teachers at advanced levels who seek to learn practical knowledge about important aspects of physical chemistry.

Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery brings the reader the most up-to-date information on the endoscopy of the spine. Key opinion leaders from around the world have come together to present the clinical evidence behind their competitive endoscopic spinal surgery protocols. Chapters in the series cover a range of aspects of spine surgery including spinal pain generators, preoperative workup with modern independent predictors of favorable clinical outcomes with endoscopy, anesthesia in an outpatient setting, management of complications, and a fresh look at technology advances in a historical context. The reader will have a first-row seat during the illustrative discussions of expanded surgical indications from herniated disc to more complex clinical problems, including stenosis, instability, and deformity in patients with advanced degenerative disease of the human spine. Contemporary Endoscopic Spine Surgery is divided into three volumes: Cervical Spine, Lumbar Spine, and Advanced Technologies to capture an accurate snapshot in time of this fast-moving field. It is intended as a comprehensive go-to reference text for surgeons in graduate residency and postgraduate fellowship training programs and for practicing spine surgeons interested in looking for the scientific foundation for expanding their clinical practice towards endoscopic surgery.

This volume (Advanced Technologies) covers the following endoscopic spine surgery topics in 19 detailed chapters: endoscopic intradiscal therapy and foraminoplasty, evidence based medicine in spine surgery, artificial intelligence for spine surgery, postoperative management, transforaminal lumbar endoscopy and associated complications, laser applications in full endoscopy of the spine, high frequency surgery for the treatment of herniated discs, lumbar MRI, cost and maintenance management of endoscopic spine systems, regenerative medicine, interbody fusion, endoscopic intravertebral canal decompression after spinal fracture, treatment of lumbar tuberculosis, treatment of degenerative scoliosis, treatment of thoracic meningioma with spinal canal decompression, and cervical endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (CE-ULBD).

This volume covers a wide array of topics related to research, technology and sustainability for technology researchers and educators. Chapter 1 explores the detection of fake news in a distributed environment. Material science is covered in Chapter 2, which explains the influence of MOS2, B4C, and graphite on the mechanical and dry sliding wear behavior of aluminum 7075 hybrid matrix composites. Chapter 3 focuses on sensors and antennas for smart sensor networks. Chapters 4 to 8 delve into various aspects of electrical and computer engineering, including induction motor condition monitoring, automatic conversion of building plans to graphs for robot navigation, and analysis of defects in microscopic and electroluminescent images using AI and image processing algorithms.

Chapters 9 to 16 cover topics such as missing data prediction techniques, breast cancer diagnosis on mammography, groundwater contamination, biofertilizers, organic farming, and remediation using organisms. Sustainable development is a key theme in Chapters 17 to 26, addressing issues like sensor-based vehicle fuel theft detection, waste management techniques, bioremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals, sustainable agriculture practices, and novel approaches in bioplastics and nanoremediation. Finally, Chapters 27 to 29 touch upon renewable energy and Industrial IoT, discussing research challenges in renewable energy sources, recent trends, and the transformation brought about by the Industrial Internet of Things.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are revolutionizing industries, reshaping the way we interact with technology, and driving innovation across multiple disciplines. Advancements in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning is a comprehensive exploration of the latest developments, applications, and challenges in AI and ML, offering insights into cutting-edge research and real-world implementations.

This book is a collection of twelve chapters, each exploring a distinct application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). It begins with an overview of AI's transformative role in Next-Gen Mechatronics, followed by a comprehensive review of key advancements and trends in the field. The book then examines AI's impact across diverse sectors, including energy, digital communication, and security, with topics such as AI-based aging analysis of power transformer oil, AI in social media management, and AI-driven human detection systems.

Further chapters address sentiment analysis, visual analysis for image processing, and the integration of AI in smart grid networks. The volume also covers AI applications in hardware security for wireless sensor networks, drone robotics, and crime prevention systems. The final set of chapters highlight AI's role in healthcare and automation, including an AI-assisted system for women's safety in India and the use of EfficientNet B0 CNN architecture for brain tumor detection and classification. Together, these chapters showcase the versatility and growing influence of AI and ML across critical modern industries.

Key features

A multidisciplinary approach covering AI applications in robotics, cybersecurity, healthcare, and digital transformation in 12 organized chapters.

A focus on contemporary challenges and solutions in AI and ML across industries.

Research-driven insights from experts and practitioners in the field.

Practical discussions on AI-driven automation, security, and intelligent decision-making systems.

This reference summarizes recent advancements in knowledge about cardiovascular disease and pharmacology. The goal of the book is to inform readers about recent findings on cardiovascular therapeutics and how to conduct experiments to evaluate natural products. It presents 10 chapters that cover basic clinical research on cardiovascular diseases and therapeutic agents derived from natural sources. The book concludes with a series of experiments that demonstrate the methods to test the ameliorative effects of 3 phytochemicals: Biochanin A (red clover), Zingiberene (ginger oil) and Betaine (sugar beet).

Key Features

- 10 chapters that highlight recent research cardiovascular medicine and pharmacology

- Covers knowledge about basic cardiovascular physiology, congestive heart failure treatment and the treatment of heart inflammation.

- Covers uses, benefits, and drawbacks of numerous rodent and non-rodent animal models for studying CVD

- Updates readers about 21st-century CRISPR-cas9 technology and its uses in CVD.

- Covers the significance of Indian Ayurvedic techniques on the cardiovascular system,

- Covers information about nutraceuticals for CVD therapy

- Includes experiments to evaluate 3 phytochemicals for the treatment of different heart diseases such as hypertension, obesity-cardiomyopathy and the mitigation of inflammatory cytokines in myocardial infarction.

This book is an informative resource for cardiologists, and researchers working in the field of cardiovascular pharmacology. It also helps readers to understand the benefits of herbal medications that are commonly available for consumption in homes.

Additive manufacturing or 3D printing is the construction of an object using CAD models. The technology for additive manufacturing s gaining traction in recent times due to its accessibility for both personal and industrial use, as well as its usefulness in quick prototyping (either of a whole object or its components) and meeting the needs of small commercial workloads.

Advances in Additive Manufacturing Processes informs readers about the breadth of 3D printing processes. Chapters cover the basic knowledge of additive techniques and their industrial applications with relevant examples. The improvements in each method and their recent technical achievements with practical experimental data are highlighted. The book presents eight types of 3D printing processes, covering a diverse range of technologies which represent the industry.

The contents also cover selected topics of relevance to additive manufacturing which include the formation of defects and factors that affect the mechanical properties of the additively manufactured components. Chapters also provide recent guidelines for adapting additive manufacturing processes to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing cost.

Advances in Additive Manufacturing Processes is a handy reference for scholars and professionals involved in manufacturing industries and process engineering as well as hobbyists who are interested in the current state-of-the-art in 3D printing.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently recognized as an untreatable, progressive, degenerative and terminal disease that is global – afflicting over 36 million people worldwide, with the number growing in an unabated and frightening manner. The goal of the series Advances in Alzheimer's Research , with Volumes 1 and 2, is to provide an integrated approach to AD from basic and clinical research and to highlight the valuable information in order to unravel the origin, pathogenesis and prevention of AD. The aim of this book is to both capture and discuss improvements toward the diagnosis and potential treatment of AD by both established and novel strategies. This book series, including the Volume 2, provides an important mechanism to bring under the same roof a variety of scientific interests and expertise to specifically focus on AD and related dementias. The fullest attempt has been made to disseminate the most current knowledge on recent advances in potential therapy of AD.

Advances in Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry is an exciting eBook series comprising a selection of updated articles previously published in the peer-reviewed journal Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. The second Volume of this eBook series gathers updated reviews on several classes of molecules exhibiting anticarcinogenic potential as well as some important targets for the development of novel anticancer drugs.

Featured Anti-cancer molecules:

-Marine macrolides and their biological targets

-Organometallic supramolecular complexes including gold-based anticancer agents,

anti-cancer vaccines

-glyconanoparticles,

-isatin-based compounds,

-tripentone families of potential anticancer drugs

Drug targets in this volume include:

-selective estrogen receptor modulators,

-leukemia stem cells,

-glioblastoma cell migratory mechanisms

-Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1

Advances in Anticancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry will be of particular interest to readers interested in anticancer drug therapy as the series provides relevant reviews written by experts in this important field.

Advances in Biobanking Practice Through Public and Private Collaborations presents an analysis of methods and current models of partnership between public and private organizations designed to improve biobanking practices in European countries. Chapters describe the state-of-the-art of public-private collaborations in biobanking on a global scale, innovative approaches to public-private partnership the role of a quality management system in biobanking collaborations, quality standard criteria specifically shaped for tumor biobanks, theoretical and practical access conditions to biobanks, the general legal framework governing biobanks at national, European and international levels and a concrete public-private partnership model for managing sample requests.

The contributions in this book include examples of established biobanking institutions (such as Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, National Institute of Health, Italy, and 3C-R, France among others) which serve to give readers a concrete perspective on current biobanking practices and relevant legal and ethical issues that shape the field. This book is an ideal handbook for all medical researchers, healthcare professionals and biobanking stakeholders seeking information about international biobanking practices and business models.

This authoritative reference provides update information on the fundamental aspects and applications of biomaterials and biomedical sciences. It includes nickel-titanium alloys with superelasticity and shape memory effect, bioactive bone cement for orthopedic applications, and new research trends in polymer nanocomposites. This Ebook also describes the response of cells to ionizing radiation such as DNA damage responses in zebrafish. With chapters contributed by eminent scientists in the field of biophysics, biomaterials and biomedical engineering, this is a useful reference for graduate students, researchers and professionals in biomedical sciences and technologies.

Advances in Cancer Drug Targets is an e-book series that brings together recent expert reviews published on the subject with a focus on strategies for synthesizing and isolating organic compounds and elucidating the structure and nature of DNA. The reference work serves to give readers a brief yet comprehensive glance at current theory and practice behind employing chemical compounds for tackling tumor suppression, DNA site specific drug targeting and the inhibition of enzymes involved in growth control pathways. The reviews presented in this series are written by experts in pharmaceutical sciences and molecular biology. These reviews have been carefully selected to present development of new approaches to anti-cancer therapy and anti-cancer drug development. This e-book volume will be of special interest to molecular biologists and pharmaceutical scientists.

Advances in Cancer Drug Targets is an e-book series that brings together recent expert reviews published on the subject with a focus on strategies for synthesizing and isolating organic compounds and elucidating the structure and nature of DNA.

The reviews presented in this series are written by experts in pharmaceutical sciences and molecular biology. These reviews have been carefully selected to present development of new approaches to anti-cancer therapy and anti-cancer drug development.

The contents of this volume include reviews on mediating or inhibiting different signaling pathways such as WNT signaling and MTOR as well as novel drug targets for tumor control such as neutrophil elastase and estrogen sulfatase. These reviews provide updates on new ways to treat a variety of cancers.

The reference work serves to give readers a brief yet comprehensive glance at current theory and practice behind employing chemical compounds for tackling tumor suppression, DNA site specific drug targeting and the inhibition of enzymes involved in growth control pathways. This e-book volume will be of special interest to molecular biologists and pharmaceutical scientists.

Cancer is driven by numerous genetic and epigenetic changes occurring at the cellular level. These changes drive normal cells to proliferate and escape processes that usually regulate their survival and migration. Many of these alterations are often associated with signaling pathways which regulate cell growth and division, cell death, survival, invasion and metastasis, and angiogenesis. Almost all cancer cells show high expression of signaling components including growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), small GTPases, serine/threonine kinases, cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, lipid kinases, estrogen receptor, activation of transcription factors Myc and NF-κB, etc. Updated knowledge about these signaling components is highly desirable for researchers involved in developing therapies against cancer.

Signal Transduction Research for Cancer Therapy covers advancements in research on the signaling pathways in the human body, especially in some types of cancers, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and colon cancer.

Key features of this volume include 8 focused topical reviews on signaling pathways in a specific cancer type, coverage of multiple cancer types (breast cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular cancer, multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia, and pancreatic cancer), and coverage of a wide array of signaling pathways (both receptor mediated and non receptor mediated pathways).

This volume is essential reading for researchers in pharmaceutical R&D and postgraduate research programs in pharmacology and allied disciplines. Clinicians involved in oncology will also benefit from the information provided in the chapters.

[Series Intro]

This series provides scientists and clinicians with updated clinical information about signal transduction that will be valuable in their pursuit to investigate, develop, and apply novel agents to prevent or treat life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Contributions to the series will focus on methods that also enhance the quality of life for patients.

Advances in Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, is an e-book series comprising updated research articles previously published in the impact factor journal, Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening (CCHTS). A wide range of topics are covered by these articles including chemical biology, high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, chemoinformatics, laboratory automation and compound management. This series is, therefore, a testament to CCHTS contributions in advancing drug discovery on full throttle. This eBook series opens up a new avenue for rapid access for readers – including academic researchers and industry professionals - to a focused collection of highly regarded contributions in the field.

This book gives an overview of innovative approaches in telehealth and telemedicine. The Goal of the content is to inform readers about recent computer applications in e-health, including Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technology. The 9 chapters will guide readers to determine the urgency to intervene in specific medical cases, and to assess risk to healthcare workers. The focus on telehealth along with telemedicine, encompasses a broader spectrum of remote healthcare services for the reader to understand.

Chapters cover the following topics:

- A COVID-19 care system for virus precaution, prevention, and treatment

- The Internet of Things (IoT) in Telemedicine,

- Artificial Intelligence for Remote Patient Monitoring systems

- Machine Learning in Telemedicine

- Convolutional Neural Networks for the detection and prediction of melanoma in skin lesions

- COVID-19 virus contact tracing via mobile apps

- IoT and Cloud convergence in healthcare

- Lung cancer classification and detection using deep learning

- Telemedicine in India

This book will assist students, academics, and medical professionals in learning about cutting-edge telemedicine technologies. It will also inform beginner researchers in medicine about upcoming trends, problems, and future research paths in telehealth and telemedicine for infectious disease control and cancer diagnosis.

This series provides information on the nature of dyes, their harmful effects, and dye degrading techniques. The first volume of this series presents a fundamental concept of dye degradation. The information on target-oriented dye mitigation is intended to give readers a better understanding of the dye degradation process to sustain a healthy environment. Chapters present referenced information and highlight novel breakthroughs in the industry.

Key topics:

Foundations of Dye Knowledge:

Evaluating Toxicity

Nanotechnology

Electrochemistry

Catalytic Materials and Photocatalysis

Microbial Biodegradation

This book serves as a foundational resource for researchers and students in chemistry and chemical engineering courses. It also serves as a reference for industry professionals who work with chemical dyes (for example in textile and plastic industries) and are engaged in the critical field of environmental remediation.

Advances in Face Image Analysis: Theory and applications describes several approaches to facial image analysis and recognition. Eleven chapters cover advances in computer vision and pattern recognition methods used to analyze facial data. The topics addressed in this book include automatic face detection, 3D face model fitting, robust face recognition, facial expression recognition, face image data embedding, model-less 3D face pose estimation and image-based age estimation. The chapters are also written by experts from a different research groups. Readers will, therefore, have access to contemporary knowledge on facial recognition with some diverse perspectives offered for individual techniques. The book is a useful resource for a wide audience such as i) researchers and professionals working in the field of face image analysis, ii) the entire pattern recognition community interested in processing and extracting features from raw face images, and iii) technical experts as well as postgraduate computer science students interested in cutting edge concepts of facial image recognition.

Semiconductor nanowires exhibit novel electronic and optical properties due to their unique one-dimensional structure and quantum confinement effects. In particular, III-V semiconductor nanowires have been of great scientific and technological interest for next generation optoelectronic devices including transistors, light emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and solar cells. Advances in III-V Semiconductor Nanowires and Nanodevices is an account of recent progress in the synthesis, characterization, physical properties, device fabrication, and applications of binary compound and ternary alloy III-V semiconductor nanowires. Each chapter is prepared by renowned experts in the field, describing the current state of knowledge and key areas of research. The book is written at the expert level, but also serves as a guide for researchers or graduate students aiming to enter semiconductor research.

This reference provides comprehensive insights on the harm inflicted by pests and diseases on leguminous crops. Internationally acclaimed authors provide succinct reviews on breeding and impact of biotic stress factors such as insect pests, microbial pathogens, spiders, and vertebrate pests in legumes like soybean, cowpea, and common bean. The book also contains detailed technical analysis of methods such as the PCR-based detection, next generation sequencing / marker-assisted selections, low cost lethal-non-lethal vertebrate pest control and mechanisms of climate/nutrient induced resistance. The unique feature of this book is its focus on the optimization and development of environmentally friendly methods for pest and disease control in leguminous crops. Other features include structured sections for easy reading and a list of references for advanced readers.

Key themes:

Biotic Stress and Plant Resistance

Biotic Stress in Legumes (Cowpea and Soybean)

Diagnostic and Control Methods for Microbial Plant Pathogens

Viral Diseases of Legumes and Management:

Vertebrate Pests in Legumes and Economic Implications

Spiders in Legume Agroecosystems

Climate-Driven Factors and Insect Pests of Legumes

Sustainable Crop Nutrition for Biotic Stress Alleviation in Legumes

Physiological Responses in Legumes to Combined Stress Factors

This reference presents a collection of studies which highlight new developments in improving manufacturing processes and performance. The book includes 11 chapters which cover unique topics of interest to production engineers. These topics include the production of advanced composite materials and alloys to the use of sensors to evaluate production processes, product testing and evaluation (in production and storage environments), and the development and testing of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Chapters have been contributed by several scholars, who give a unique perspective on specific aspects of manufacturing and industrial production. The book also covers recent technologies such as additive manufacturing. Each chapter presents the study in an experimental manner highlighting the theory, methods, and results, where applicable. References for further reading are also provided.

This book is intended to provide researchers and engineers with new data and cases for industrial manufacturing processes which may be applied in different industrial sectors.

"Advances in Mathematical Chemistry and Applications, Volume 1 (revised edition)" highlights the emerging discipline of mathematical chemistry, or, more precisely, discrete mathematical chemistry.

This volume is written by internationally renowned experts in the field. It comprises of a wise integration of mathematical and chemical concepts and covers numerous applications in the field of drug discovery, bioinformatics, chemoinformatics, computational biology and ecological health.

The contents of this book include chapters on mathematical structural descriptors of molecules and biomolecules, topological representation of molecular structure, connectivity matrices, use of weighted 2D Fingerprints in similarity-based virtual screening and much more.

This ebook is a valuable resource for MSc and PhD students, academic personnel and researchers seeking updated and critically important information on the fundamental concepts of mathematical chemistry and their applications.

Meat and meat-based products play an important role as foods in the diets of people around the world. However, environmental and social issues have posed a challenge to meat production processing plants, with the advent of more consumer conscious production values across the food processing industry and a changing attitude among some communities towards the consumption of products from animal origin.

The development of meat science and technology has brought solutions that allow the consumption of meat in a greater proportion from the source. Traditional processes such as salting, smoking, and fermentation have been refined, and, more recently, processes such as emulsification, marinating, and tenderizing of meat, have further diversified meat products. Meat processing technology is also required to meet consumer expectations and demands for nutritious and safe food. Consumer requirements have pushed for need for adaptation and modernization of slaughterhouses, as well as the use of more suitable processing technologies for saving water, energy, and reducing waste production, all while trying to provide a high level of nutritional, sensory, and food-safety for consumers.

Advances in Meat Processing Technologies aims to inform students, researchers, lecturers and others who are interested in the subject, about new meat and meat-based product processing technologies. The handbook covers a variety of meat processing technologies including dry fermentation, meat emulsification, curing, marinating, restructuring and processing of non-emulsified meat and meat analogues. Additional chapters cover the use of additives and ultrasound technology in meat processing as well as different strategies suitable for meat processing operations. The simple, topical presentation of the book, which covers a wide variety of products makes the book a key reference for informing students, researchers, lecturers, professionals and general readers who are interested in the subject of meat processing technology.